Independence Movement & Mahatma Gandhi Mock Test
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1
In which year was the Indian National Congress founded?
1880
1885
1890
1895
Explanation: The Indian National Congress was founded in 1885, marking a significant step in organizing politically conscious Indians to voice grievances against British rule.
2
Who was the first president of the Indian National Congress?
Dadabhai Naoroji
Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee
Surendranath Banerjee
Explanation: Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee was the first president of the Indian National Congress in 1885, leading its inaugural session in Bombay.
3
The early phase of the Indian National Congress was dominated by which group?
Extremists
Moderates
Revolutionaries
Swarajists
Explanation: The early phase of the Indian National Congress (1885-1905) was led by Moderates who focused on constitutional agitation and petitioning.
4
Which event marked the beginning of the Swadeshi Movement?
Non-Cooperation Movement
Dandi March
Partition of Bengal
Quit India Movement
Explanation: The partition of Bengal in 1905 sparked the Swadeshi Movement, promoting self-reliance and boycott of British goods.
5
Which of the following was a key feature of the Swadeshi Movement?
Armed rebellion
Council entry
Promotion of indigenous goods
Satyagraha
Explanation: The Swadeshi Movement emphasized self-reliance through the promotion of indigenous goods and boycott of British products.
6
Who among the following was a prominent leader of the Moderates?
Lala Lajpat Rai
Bipin Chandra Pal
Gopal Krishna Gokhale
Aurobindo Ghosh
Explanation: Gopal Krishna Gokhale was a leading Moderate who advocated for constitutional reforms and economic critique of British rule.
7
Which region was a major center for revolutionary activities during 1905-1918?
Madras
Gujarat
Bengal
Kerala
Explanation: Bengal was a key hub for revolutionary activities, with secret societies aiming to overthrow British rule through armed struggle.
8
The Swadeshi Movement emphasized which of the following?
Foreign education
National education
British goods
Military training
Explanation: The Swadeshi Movement promoted national education to foster self-reliance and reduce dependence on British institutions.
9
Which leader was associated with the slogan "Swaraj is my birthright"?
Mahatma Gandhi
Jawaharlal Nehru
Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Subhas Chandra Bose
Explanation: Bal Gangadhar Tilak, an Extremist leader, popularized the slogan "Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it."
10
The Indian National Congress wasFormed in 1885, the Indian National Congress initially aimed to:
Promote armed rebellion
Support British rule
Voice Indian grievances
Establish foreign universities
Explanation: The Indian National Congress was formed to provide a platform for Indians to voice their grievances against British colonial rule.
11
Which movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1920?
Quit India Movement
Non-Cooperation Movement
Civil Disobedience Movement
Swadeshi Movement
Explanation: The Non-Cooperation Movement, launched in 1920, was Gandhi's first major pan-India mass movement against British rule.
12
What was the primary method of protest during the Non-Cooperation Movement?
Armed struggle
Petitioning
Boycott of British institutions
Violent protests
Explanation: The Non-Cooperation Movement involved boycotting British institutions like schools, colleges, and courts to undermine colonial authority.
13
Why was the Non-Cooperation Movement called off?
British concessions
Chauri Chaura incident
Gandhi's arrest
Lack of participation
Explanation: The Non-Cooperation Movement was halted after the Chauri Chaura incident in 1922, where a violent mob attacked a police station.
14
Which event marked the start of the Civil Disobedience Movement?
Champaran Satyagraha
Quit India Movement
Dandi March
Rowlatt Satyagraha
Explanation: The Civil Disobedience Movement began with Gandhi's Dandi March in 1930, protesting the British salt laws.
15
What was the slogan associated with the Quit India Movement?
Swaraj is my birthright
Jai Hind
Do or Die
Inquilab Zindabad
Explanation: The Quit India Movement, launched in 1942, was associated with Gandhi's call of "Do or Die" for complete independence.
16
Which of the following groups actively participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement?
Only urban elites
Only peasants
Women and all sections of society
Only students
Explanation: The Civil Disobedience Movement saw widespread participation, including women and people from diverse social backgrounds.
17
The Quit India Movement was launched in which year?
1930
1920
1942
1947
Explanation: The Quit India Movement, a mass uprising, was launched in 1942, demanding immediate independence from British rule.
18
Which movement saw widespread acts of sabotage against British authority?
Swadeshi Movement
Non-Cooperation Movement
Quit India Movement
Civil Disobedience Movement
Explanation: The Quit India Movement involved widespread protests, strikes, and acts of sabotage against British colonial authority.
19
What was a key feature of Gandhi's Satyagraha?
Armed resistance
Non-violent resistance
Economic boycott
Petitioning
Explanation: Satyagraha, introduced by Gandhi, was a method of non-violent resistance based on truth and moral courage.
20
Which symbol did Gandhi use to promote self-reliance?
Tricolor flag
Lotus
Charkha (spinning wheel)
Banyan tree
Explanation: Gandhi used the charkha (spinning wheel) as a symbol of self-reliance and economic independence during the freedom struggle.
21
Gandhi's philosophy of Satyagraha was based on:
Military strength
Truth and moral courage
Economic dominance
Political alliances
Explanation: Satyagraha, Gandhi's method, relied on truth and moral courage to resist oppression non-violently.
22
Which group did Gandhi refer to as 'Harijans'?
Tribal communities
Peasants
Depressed classes
Urban workers
Explanation: Gandhi called the depressed classes 'Harijans' (children of God) and worked for their social upliftment.
23
Gandhi's constructive programme included promotion of:
Foreign industries
Khadi and village industries
British education
Urban development
Explanation: Gandhi's constructive programme promoted khadi and village industries to foster self-reliance and rural development.
24
With whom did Gandhi have significant ideological debates on caste issues?
Jawaharlal Nehru
Subhas Chandra Bose
B.R. Ambedkar
Sardar Patel
Explanation: Gandhi debated with B.R. Ambedkar on caste issues, particularly regarding political representation for depressed classes.
25
Gandhi's vision of 'Swaraj' included:
Only political independence
Only economic self-reliance
Social and economic emancipation
Military dominance
Explanation: Gandhi's 'Swaraj' encompassed political independence, social reform, and economic self-reliance for holistic freedom.
26
Which movement did Gandhi lead to protest the salt laws?
Non-Cooperation Movement
Quit India Movement
Civil Disobedience Movement
Swadeshi Movement
Explanation: The Civil Disobedience Movement, initiated with the Dandi March, protested the British salt laws as a symbol of oppression.
27
Gandhi campaigned against which social evil?
Child marriage
Dowry system
Untouchability
Sati
Explanation: Gandhi actively campaigned against untouchability, calling it a "sin" and advocating for the upliftment of Harijans.
28
What was 'Nai Talim' in Gandhi's constructive programme?
Political training
Military training
Basic education
Religious education
Explanation: Nai Talim was Gandhi's concept of basic education aimed at holistic development and practical learning for rural India.
29
Gandhi's debates with Subhas Chandra Bose were primarily about:
Caste reforms
Methods of struggle
Economic policies
Foreign policy
Explanation: Gandhi and Bose differed on methods of struggle, with Gandhi favoring non-violence and Bose advocating a militant approach.
30
Which fabric did Gandhi promote as a symbol of self-reliance?
Silk
Cotton
Khadi
Wool
Explanation: Gandhi promoted khadi, a hand-spun and hand-woven cloth, as a symbol of economic self-reliance and resistance to British textiles.
31
India gained independence on:
August 15, 1945
January 26, 1950
August 15, 1947
October 2, 1942
Explanation: India achieved independence from British rule on August 15, 1947, marked by the partition of the subcontinent.
32
Who was primarily responsible for integrating princely states into India?
Jawaharlal Nehru
Mahatma Gandhi
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
B.R. Ambedkar
Explanation: Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel skillfully managed the integration of over 500 princely states into the Indian Union.
33
The Constitution of India came into effect on:
August 15, 1947
January 26, 1950
October 2, 1949
November 26, 1949
Explanation: The Constitution of India, drafted by the Constituent Assembly, came into effect on January 26, 1950.
34
Which event led to a massive refugee crisis post-independence?
Kashmir conflict
1962 war with China
Partition of India
States reorganisation
Explanation: The partition of India in 1947 caused widespread communal riots and a massive refugee crisis in Punjab and Bengal.
35
The States Reorganisation Act was passed in:
1947
1950
1956
1960
Explanation: The States Reorganisation Act of 1956 reorganized Indian states on linguistic lines, creating 14 states and 6 union territories.
36
Which leader emphasized science and technology for nation-building?
Sardar Patel
Mahatma Gandhi
Jawaharlal Nehru
B.R. Ambedkar
Explanation: Jawaharlal Nehru prioritized science and technology, establishing institutions like ISRO and the Atomic Energy Commission.
37
Which organization was established to maintain standards in higher education?
CSIR
ISRO
University Grants Commission
IIT Council
Explanation: The University Grants Commission (UGC) was established to maintain standards and promote higher education in India.
38
India's foreign policy was shaped by which principle?
Panchsheel
Military alliances
Non-Alignment
Economic cooperation
Explanation: Non-Alignment, articulated by Nehru, was the cornerstone of India's foreign policy, avoiding alignment with major power blocs.
39
Which princely state required military intervention for integration?
Travancore
Mysore
Hyderabad
Baroda
Explanation: Hyderabad required military intervention (Operation Polo) in 1948 to integrate into the Indian Union.
40
Which movement influenced the Wardha Scheme of Basic Education?
Swadeshi Movement
Quit India Movement
Gandhi's constructive programme
Non-Cooperation Movement
Explanation: The Wardha Scheme of Basic Education was influenced by Gandhi's constructive programme, focusing on practical and vocational education.
41
Consider the following statements about the Swadeshi Movement:
1. It was triggered by the partition of Bengal.
2. It promoted foreign goods.
3. It emphasized national education.
Which of these statements are correct?
1. It was triggered by the partition of Bengal.
2. It promoted foreign goods.
3. It emphasized national education.
Which of these statements are correct?
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: The Swadeshi Movement was sparked by the 1905 Bengal partition and promoted national education and indigenous goods, not foreign goods.
42
With reference to the Non-Cooperation Movement, consider the following:
1. It was launched in 1920.
2. It involved violent protests.
3. It was called off after the Chauri Chaura incident.
Which statements are correct?
1. It was launched in 1920.
2. It involved violent protests.
3. It was called off after the Chauri Chaura incident.
Which statements are correct?
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: The Non-Cooperation Movement (1920) was non-violent and was halted after the violent Chauri Chaura incident in 1922.
43
Regarding the Civil Disobedience Movement, which of the following is/are correct?
1. It began with the Dandi March.
2. It saw participation only from urban elites.
3. It violated British salt laws.
Select the correct option:
1. It began with the Dandi March.
2. It saw participation only from urban elites.
3. It violated British salt laws.
Select the correct option:
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: The Civil Disobedience Movement began with the Dandi March (1930), violated salt laws, and included diverse groups, not just urban elites.
44
Which of the following statements about the Quit India Movement are true?
1. It was launched in 1942.
2. It was led by Subhas Chandra Bose.
3. It involved widespread sabotage.
Choose the correct option:
1. It was launched in 1942.
2. It was led by Subhas Chandra Bose.
3. It involved widespread sabotage.
Choose the correct option:
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: The Quit India Movement (1942) was led by Gandhi, not Bose, and involved widespread protests and sabotage against British rule.
45
With reference to Gandhi's role, consider:
1. He introduced Satyagraha.
2. He promoted khadi.
3. He supported British rule.
Which statements are correct?
1. He introduced Satyagraha.
2. He promoted khadi.
3. He supported British rule.
Which statements are correct?
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 2 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: Gandhi introduced Satyagraha and promoted khadi for self-reliance but opposed British rule, advocating for complete independence.
46
Post-independence, which of the following was a major challenge?
1. Communal riots
2. Integration of princely states
3. Economic recession
Select the correct option:
1. Communal riots
2. Integration of princely states
3. Economic recession
Select the correct option:
1 and 3 only
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: Post-independence, India faced communal riots due to partition and the challenge of integrating princely states, but not a major economic recession.
47
Which of the following about India's foreign policy are correct?
1. It was based on Non-Alignment.
2. It was influenced by the Cold War.
3. It aligned with the USSR.
Choose the correct option:
1. It was based on Non-Alignment.
2. It was influenced by the Cold War.
3. It aligned with the USSR.
Choose the correct option:
1 and 3 only
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: India's foreign policy was shaped by Non-Alignment and the Cold War context but avoided formal alignment with either the USSR or USA.
48
The States Reorganisation Act of 1956 was influenced by:
1. Linguistic demands
2. Economic disparities
3. Potti Sreeramulu's fast
Select the correct option:
1. Linguistic demands
2. Economic disparities
3. Potti Sreeramulu's fast
Select the correct option:
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: The States Reorganisation Act (1956) was driven by linguistic demands and Potti Sreeramulu's fast for a separate Andhra state.
49
Which of the following institutions were established post-independence?
1. Indian Institutes of Technology
2. Indian Space Research Organisation
3. Indian National Congress
Select the correct option:
1. Indian Institutes of Technology
2. Indian Space Research Organisation
3. Indian National Congress
Select the correct option:
1 and 3 only
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: IITs and ISRO were established post-independence to boost education and technology; the INC was founded in 1885.
50
Gandhi's constructive programme included:
1. Rural sanitation
2. Urban industrialization
3. Basic education
Choose the correct option:
1. Rural sanitation
2. Urban industrialization
3. Basic education
Choose the correct option:
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: Gandhi's constructive programme focused on rural sanitation and basic education (Nai Talim), not urban industrialization.
51
Match the following movements with their leaders:
Select the correct matching:
| Movement | Leader |
|---|---|
| 1. Non-Cooperation Movement | A. Subhas Chandra Bose |
| 2. Civil Disobedience Movement | B. Bal Gangadhar Tilak |
| 3. Swadeshi Movement | C. Mahatma Gandhi |
1-A, 2-B, 3-C
1-C, 2-C, 3-B
1-B, 2-C, 3-A
1-C, 2-A, 3-B
Explanation: Gandhi led the Non-Cooperation and Civil Disobedience Movements, while Tilak was a key leader in the Swadeshi Movement.
52
Match the following events with their years:
Select the correct matching:
| Event | Year |
|---|---|
| 1. Dandi March | A. 1942 |
| 2. Quit India Movement | B. 1930 |
| 3. Partition of Bengal | C. 1905 |
1-A, 2-B, 3-C
1-B, 2-C, 3-A
1-B, 2-A, 3-C
1-C, 2-A, 3-B
Explanation: Dandi March occurred in 1930, Quit India Movement in 1942, and Partition of Bengal in 1905.
53
Match the following leaders with their ideologies:
Select the correct matching:
| Leader | Ideology |
|---|---|
| 1. Mahatma Gandhi | A. Militant nationalism |
| 2. Subhas Chandra Bose | B. Non-violence |
| 3. B.R. Ambedkar | C. Social equality for depressed classes |
1-A, 2-B, 3-C
1-B, 2-C, 3-A
1-B, 2-A, 3-C
1-C, 2-A, 3-B
Explanation: Gandhi championed non-violence, Bose advocated militant nationalism, and Ambedkar focused on social equality for depressed classes.
54
Match the following institutions with their establishment purpose:
Select the correct matching:
| Institution | Purpose |
|---|---|
| 1. University Grants Commission | A. Space research |
| 2. Indian Space Research Organisation | B. Higher education standards |
| 3. Atomic Energy Commission | C. Nuclear energy development |
1-A, 2-B, 3-C
1-C, 2-A, 3-B
1-B, 2-A, 3-C
1-B, 2-C, 3-A
Explanation: UGC ensures higher education standards, ISRO focuses on space research, and the Atomic Energy Commission develops nuclear energy.
55
Match the following movements with their key features:
Select the correct matching:
| Movement | Feature |
|---|---|
| 1. Swadeshi Movement | A. Do or Die slogan |
| 2. Quit India Movement | B. Boycott of British institutions |
| 3. Non-Cooperation Movement | C. Promotion of indigenous goods |
1-B, 2-C, 3-A
1-A, 2-B, 3-C
1-C, 2-A, 3-B
1-C, 2-B, 3-A
Explanation: Swadeshi Movement promoted indigenous goods, Quit India used "Do or Die," and Non-Cooperation involved boycotting British institutions.
56
Match the following leaders with their contributions:
Select the correct matching:
| Leader | Contribution |
|---|---|
| 1. Sardar Patel | A. Drafting the Constitution |
| 2. B.R. Ambedkar | B. Integration of princely states |
| 3. Jawaharlal Nehru | C. Non-Alignment policy |
1-A, 2-B, 3-C
1-C, 2-A, 3-B
1-B, 2-A, 3-C
1-B, 2-C, 3-A
Explanation: Patel integrated princely states, Ambedkar drafted the Constitution, and Nehru shaped India's Non-Alignment policy.
57
Match the following events with their regions:
Select the correct matching:
| Event | Region |
|---|---|
| 1. Communal riots (1947) | A. Gujarat |
| 2. Revolutionary activities (1905-18) | B. Punjab and Bengal |
| 3. Potti Sreeramulu's fast | C. Andhra |
1-A, 2-B, 3-C
1-B, 2-C, 3-A
1-B, 2-B, 3-C
1-C, 2-A, 3-B
Explanation: Communal riots (1947) and revolutionary activities (1905-18) were prominent in Punjab and Bengal; Potti Sreeramulu's fast was in Andhra.
58
Match the following policies with their proponents:
Select the correct matching:
| Policy | Proponent |
|---|---|
| 1. Non-Alignment | A. Mahatma Gandhi |
| 2. Panchsheel | B. Jawaharlal Nehru |
| 3. Satyagraha | C. Sardar Patel |
1-B, 2-C, 3-A
1-C, 2-A, 3-B
1-B, 2-B, 3-A
1-A, 2-B, 3-C
Explanation: Nehru championed Non-Alignment and Panchsheel, while Gandhi developed Satyagraha; Patel focused on princely state integration.
59
Match the following movements with their slogans:
Select the correct matching:
| Movement | Slogan |
|---|---|
| 1. Quit India Movement | A. Swaraj is my birthright |
| 2. Swadeshi Movement | B. Do or Die |
| 3. Non-Cooperation Movement | C. Boycott British goods |
1-A, 2-B, 3-C
1-B, 2-C, 3-A
1-B, 2-A, 3-C
1-C, 2-A, 3-B
Explanation: Quit India Movement used "Do or Die," Swadeshi was linked to "Swaraj is my birthright" (Tilak), and Non-Cooperation focused on boycotting British goods.
60
Match the following leaders with their social reforms:
Select the correct matching:
| Leader | Reform |
|---|---|
| 1. Mahatma Gandhi | A. Linguistic state reorganisation |
| 2. B.R. Ambedkar | B. Upliftment of depressed classes |
| 3. Potti Sreeramulu | C. Campaign against untouchability |
1-A, 2-B, 3-C
1-B, 2-C, 3-A
1-C, 2-B, 3-A
1-C, 2-A, 3-B
Explanation: Gandhi campaigned against untouchability, Ambedkar focused on depressed classes' upliftment, and Sreeramulu's fast led to linguistic state reorganisation.
61
The Indian National Congress was founded in the year ______.
1890
1880
1885
1895
Explanation: The Indian National Congress was founded in 1885, providing a platform for political agitation against British rule.
62
The partition of ______ in 1905 sparked the Swadeshi Movement.
Punjab
Gujarat
Bengal
Madras
Explanation: The partition of Bengal in 1905 led to the Swadeshi Movement, promoting indigenous goods and national education.
63
The Non-Cooperation Movement was called off after the ______ incident.
Jallianwala Bagh
Chauri Chaura
Dandi March
Rowlatt Satyagraha
Explanation: The Non-Cooperation Movement was halted after the Chauri Chaura incident in 1922 due to its violent nature.
64
The Civil Disobedience Movement began with the ______ March.
Quit India
Champaran
Dandi
Kheda
Explanation: The Civil Disobedience Movement started with the Dandi March in 1930, protesting British salt laws.
65
The Quit India Movement was launched in the year ______.
1930
1920
1942
1947
Explanation: The Quit India Movement, a mass uprising, was launched in 1942 with the slogan "Do or Die."
66
Gandhi's philosophy of ______ was based on non-violent resistance.
Swaraj
Satyagraha
Swadeshi
Ahimsa
Explanation: Satyagraha, meaning "truth force," was Gandhi's method of non-violent resistance to oppose British rule.
67
The ______ Act of 1956 reorganized Indian states on linguistic lines.
Constitution
Independence
States Reorganisation
Government of India
Explanation: The States Reorganisation Act of 1956 created 14 states and 6 union territories based on linguistic demands.
68
______ was instrumental in integrating princely states into India.
Jawaharlal Nehru
Mahatma Gandhi
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
B.R. Ambedkar
Explanation: Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel played a key role in integrating over 500 princely states into the Indian Union.
69
India's foreign policy was shaped by the principle of ______.
Panchsheel
Satyagraha
Non-Alignment
Ahimsa
Explanation: Non-Alignment, led by Nehru, defined India's foreign policy, avoiding alignment with major Cold War power blocs.
70
The ______ Commission was established to develop nuclear energy.
University Grants
Space Research
Atomic Energy
Scientific Research
Explanation: The Atomic Energy Commission was established to advance India's nuclear energy capabilities post-independence.
71
Which of the following best explains why the Non-Cooperation Movement was significant?
1. It was the first pan-India mass movement.
2. It introduced violent methods.
3. It promoted Swadeshi.
Select the correct option:
1. It was the first pan-India mass movement.
2. It introduced violent methods.
3. It promoted Swadeshi.
Select the correct option:
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: The Non-Cooperation Movement was significant as the first pan-India mass movement and for promoting Swadeshi, not for violent methods.
72
The Civil Disobedience Movement was effective because:
1. It involved diverse social groups.
2. It targeted symbolic British laws.
3. It was led by the British.
Choose the correct option:
1. It involved diverse social groups.
2. It targeted symbolic British laws.
3. It was led by the British.
Choose the correct option:
1 and 3 only
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: The Civil Disobedience Movement was effective due to diverse participation and targeting symbolic laws like salt laws, led by Gandhi, not the British.
73
The Quit India Movement was unique because:
1. It was spontaneous and widespread.
2. It demanded partial autonomy.
3. It involved acts of sabotage.
Select the correct option:
1. It was spontaneous and widespread.
2. It demanded partial autonomy.
3. It involved acts of sabotage.
Select the correct option:
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: The Quit India Movement was unique for its spontaneous, widespread protests and sabotage acts, demanding complete independence, not partial autonomy.
74
Gandhi's Satyagraha was impactful because:
1. It was accessible to diverse groups.
2. It relied on military support.
3. It used moral courage.
Choose the correct option:
1. It was accessible to diverse groups.
2. It relied on military support.
3. It used moral courage.
Choose the correct option:
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: Satyagraha was impactful due to its accessibility to diverse groups and reliance on moral courage, not military support.
75
The integration of princely states was challenging due to:
1. Over 500 princely states.
2. Linguistic diversity.
3. British support for states.
Select the correct option:
1. Over 500 princely states.
2. Linguistic diversity.
3. British support for states.
Select the correct option:
1 and 3 only
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: Integrating over 500 princely states was challenging, often complicated by British support for some states' independence, not linguistic diversity.
76
The States Reorganisation Act was significant because:
1. It created 14 states.
2. It was based on economic factors.
3. It addressed linguistic demands.
Choose the correct option:
1. It created 14 states.
2. It was based on economic factors.
3. It addressed linguistic demands.
Choose the correct option:
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: The States Reorganisation Act (1956) created 14 states and 6 union territories based on linguistic demands, not primarily economic factors.
77
India's Non-Alignment policy was shaped by:
1. The Cold War context.
2. Alignment with the USA.
3. Nehru's leadership.
Select the correct option:
1. The Cold War context.
2. Alignment with the USA.
3. Nehru's leadership.
Select the correct option:
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: Non-Alignment was shaped by the Cold War and Nehru's leadership, avoiding alignment with either the USA or USSR.
78
The Swadeshi Movement was a response to:
1. Economic exploitation.
2. Partition of Bengal.
3. Foreign education systems.
Choose the correct option:
1. Economic exploitation.
2. Partition of Bengal.
3. Foreign education systems.
Choose the correct option:
1 and 3 only
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: The Swadeshi Movement responded to British economic exploitation and the 1905 Bengal partition, not primarily foreign education systems.
79
Which of the following contributed to the success of Gandhi's mass movements?
1. Use of simple symbols like khadi.
2. Collaboration with British authorities.
3. Inclusion of diverse social groups.
Select the correct option:
1. Use of simple symbols like khadi.
2. Collaboration with British authorities.
3. Inclusion of diverse social groups.
Select the correct option:
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: Gandhi's movements succeeded due to simple symbols like khadi and broad participation from diverse groups, not collaboration with the British.
80
The partition of India in 1947 was challenging due to:
1. Communal violence.
2. Economic instability.
3. Refugee crisis.
Choose the correct option:
1. Communal violence.
2. Economic instability.
3. Refugee crisis.
Choose the correct option:
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: The partition caused widespread communal violence and a massive refugee crisis, but economic instability was not a primary challenge then.
81
Which factors influenced the States Reorganisation Act of 1956?
1. Potti Sreeramulu’s fast.
2. Linguistic diversity.
3. British colonial policies.
Select the correct option:
1. Potti Sreeramulu’s fast.
2. Linguistic diversity.
3. British colonial policies.
Select the correct option:
1 and 3 only
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: The States Reorganisation Act was driven by linguistic diversity and Potti Sreeramulu’s fast, not directly by British colonial policies.
82
Gandhi’s constructive programme was significant because:
1. It promoted rural self-reliance.
2. It focused on urban development.
3. It included Nai Talim.
Choose the correct option:
1. It promoted rural self-reliance.
2. It focused on urban development.
3. It included Nai Talim.
Choose the correct option:
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: Gandhi’s constructive programme emphasized rural self-reliance and Nai Talim (basic education), not urban development.
83
The Non-Alignment policy was effective because:
1. It maintained India’s sovereignty.
2. It aligned with the USSR.
3. It fostered global cooperation.
Select the correct option:
1. It maintained India’s sovereignty.
2. It aligned with the USSR.
3. It fostered global cooperation.
Select the correct option:
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: Non-Alignment preserved India’s sovereignty and fostered global cooperation through NAM, but India avoided alignment with the USSR.
84
Which of the following made the Quit India Movement intense?
1. British repression.
2. Gandhi’s leadership.
3. Economic prosperity.
Choose the correct option:
1. British repression.
2. Gandhi’s leadership.
3. Economic prosperity.
Choose the correct option:
1 and 3 only
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: The Quit India Movement was intense due to Gandhi’s leadership and severe British repression, not economic prosperity.
85
The Swadeshi Movement was significant because:
1. It promoted national education.
2. It led to armed rebellion.
3. It opposed British economic policies.
Select the correct option:
1. It promoted national education.
2. It led to armed rebellion.
3. It opposed British economic policies.
Select the correct option:
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: The Swadeshi Movement promoted national education and opposed British economic policies, but it was not primarily about armed rebellion.
86
Post-independence challenges included:
1. Integration of princely states.
2. Global economic isolation.
3. Communal riots.
Choose the correct option:
1. Integration of princely states.
2. Global economic isolation.
3. Communal riots.
Choose the correct option:
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: Post-independence, India faced challenges like integrating princely states and communal riots, but not significant global economic isolation.
87
Gandhi’s Satyagraha differed from revolutionary movements because:
1. It avoided violence.
2. It targeted British officials.
3. It mobilized masses.
Select the correct option:
1. It avoided violence.
2. It targeted British officials.
3. It mobilized masses.
Select the correct option:
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: Satyagraha was non-violent and mobilized masses, unlike revolutionary movements that targeted British officials with violence.
88
The States Reorganisation Act was initially resisted because:
1. It threatened national unity.
2. It ignored economic factors.
3. It was driven by linguistic demands.
Choose the correct option:
1. It threatened national unity.
2. It ignored economic factors.
3. It was driven by linguistic demands.
Choose the correct option:
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: The Act was resisted due to fears of national disintegration and its basis in linguistic demands, not primarily economic factors.
89
Which of the following strengthened India’s post-independence science and technology?
1. Establishment of CSIR.
2. Creation of IITs.
3. Alignment with the USA.
Select the correct option:
1. Establishment of CSIR.
2. Creation of IITs.
3. Alignment with the USA.
Select the correct option:
1 and 3 only
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: CSIR and IITs strengthened India’s science and technology, while Non-Alignment avoided formal ties with the USA.
90
The Civil Disobedience Movement was distinct because:
1. It targeted salt laws.
2. It was led by Moderates.
3. It saw women’s participation.
Choose the correct option:
1. It targeted salt laws.
2. It was led by Moderates.
3. It saw women’s participation.
Choose the correct option:
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: The Civil Disobedience Movement targeted salt laws and saw significant women’s participation, led by Gandhi, not Moderates.
91
Arrange the following events in chronological order:
1. Partition of Bengal
2. Dandi March
3. Quit India Movement
Select the correct order:
1. Partition of Bengal
2. Dandi March
3. Quit India Movement
Select the correct order:
2, 1, 3
3, 2, 1
1, 2, 3
1, 3, 2
Explanation: The correct order is Partition of Bengal (1905), Dandi March (1930), Quit India Movement (1942).
92
Arrange the following leaders based on their prominence in the freedom struggle:
1. B.R. Ambedkar
2. Mahatma Gandhi
3. Subhas Chandra Bose
Select the correct order (earliest to latest):
1. B.R. Ambedkar
2. Mahatma Gandhi
3. Subhas Chandra Bose
Select the correct order (earliest to latest):
1, 2, 3
2, 3, 1
3, 1, 2
2, 1, 3
Explanation: Gandhi (1919 onwards) led mass movements, followed by Bose (1930s-40s), and Ambedkar, prominent later for constitutional work.
93
Which of the following reflects the ideological conflict between Gandhi and Bose?
1. Non-violence vs. militant approach.
2. Economic policies.
3. Caste reforms.
Choose the correct option:
1. Non-violence vs. militant approach.
2. Economic policies.
3. Caste reforms.
Choose the correct option:
2 and 3 only
1 only
1 and 2 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: The primary conflict between Gandhi and Bose was over non-violence versus a militant approach, not economic policies or caste reforms.
94
The integration of princely states was complex due to:
1. Resistance from rulers.
2. British diplomatic support.
3. Linguistic diversity.
Select the correct option:
1. Resistance from rulers.
2. British diplomatic support.
3. Linguistic diversity.
Select the correct option:
1 and 3 only
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: Integration faced resistance from princely rulers and British support for some states, not primarily linguistic diversity.
95
Which of the following best describes the impact of the Swadeshi Movement?
1. Strengthened British trade.
2. Promoted national consciousness.
3. Encouraged indigenous industries.
Choose the correct option:
1. Strengthened British trade.
2. Promoted national consciousness.
3. Encouraged indigenous industries.
Choose the correct option:
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: The Swadeshi Movement promoted national consciousness and indigenous industries, weakening British trade through boycotts.
96
The Quit India Movement’s impact was limited by:
1. British repression.
2. Lack of leadership.
3. Internal divisions.
Select the correct option:
1. British repression.
2. Lack of leadership.
3. Internal divisions.
Select the correct option:
2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
1 and 2 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: The Quit India Movement faced severe British repression and internal divisions, but leadership was strong despite arrests.
97
Which of the following was a long-term impact of Gandhi’s constructive programme?
1. Urban industrialization.
2. Rural self-reliance.
3. Political centralization.
Choose the correct option:
1. Urban industrialization.
2. Rural self-reliance.
3. Political centralization.
Choose the correct option:
1 and 3 only
2 only
1 and 2 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: Gandhi’s constructive programme focused on rural self-reliance through khadi and village industries, not urban industrialization or political centralization.
98
The Non-Alignment policy helped India:
1. Avoid Cold War alliances.
2. Strengthen military power.
3. Lead the Non-Aligned Movement.
Select the correct option:
1. Avoid Cold War alliances.
2. Strengthen military power.
3. Lead the Non-Aligned Movement.
Select the correct option:
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: Non-Alignment allowed India to avoid Cold War alliances and lead the NAM, but it did not focus on military power.
99
Which of the following reflects the challenges of post-independence India?
1. Communal harmony.
2. Refugee crisis.
3. Princely state integration.
Choose the correct option:
1. Communal harmony.
2. Refugee crisis.
3. Princely state integration.
Choose the correct option:
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: Post-independence challenges included the refugee crisis and princely state integration, while communal harmony was a goal, not a challenge.
100
The Civil Disobedience Movement’s success was due to:
1. Symbolic acts like the Dandi March.
2. Support from princely states.
3. Mass participation.
Select the correct option:
1. Symbolic acts like the Dandi March.
2. Support from princely states.
3. Mass participation.
Select the correct option:
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
Explanation: The Civil Disobedience Movement succeeded due to symbolic acts like the Dandi March and mass participation, not significant support from princely states.
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